Brazil maintains a prominent role in the agricultural commodities trade and emerges as the third-largest global fruit producer, trailing China and India. However, it ranks 23rd in the export of high-value-added fruits. Ahead of Brazil, in ascending order, are countries like Spain, China, and the Netherlands, according to data from the Brazilian Association of Fruit Producers and Exporters (Abrafrutas). In 2023, Brazilian fruit exports amounted to US$1.3 billion, led by mango, melon, grapes, and lemons, with a volume of around 1.1 million tons, representing less than 1% of total production.
Several underlying factors contribute to this position, revealing the gap Brazil needs to bridge to enhance its international market share. Abrafrutas President Guilherme Coelho highlights necessary steps such as fostering bilateral agreements, investing in irrigation projects, improving logistics, and encouraging cooperative organization among small producers.
"Many countries, especially in Latin America, that export significantly more than Brazil do so because they have a tiny population," Coelho notes. He further emphasizes the unique market dynamics of Brazil, given its population of over 210 million, and highlights the potential for increased exports.
Brazil's fruit farming industry benefits from continuous year-round production due to a meticulously managed pruning and harvesting schedule. In contrast, competitors like Chile and South Africa face seasonal limitations. The country's diverse climates and soils support a wide array of fruits, with apples coming from Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, and açaí primarily sourced from Pará and Amazonas. Furthermore, Brazil meets the necessary international certification standards for exporting its fruits.
The negotiation and opening of new markets have catalyzed growth in fruit exports. For example, discussions to export Brazilian grapes and melons to China concluded with the establishment of a suitable maritime transport service, reducing transit time significantly. Coelho also credits governmental and agency efforts, notably the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock and Apex-Brasil, for elevating export activities. Export growth was evident with a 4.6% increase in 2024 compared to the previous year.
Efforts to enhance production and export capabilities include investment in public irrigation, especially in the Northeast. The Canal do Sertão Pernambucano project envisages significant expansion but awaits governmental support for execution. Coelho underscores the potential in the northeastern semi-arid region due to its favorable climatic and water resources. Additionally, improving logistics and fostering cooperative models can advance export endeavors. Small producers, forming a substantial sector segment, could benefit from cooperative strategies to mitigate the complexities associated with exports.
Source: DatamarNews