Agriculture constitutes a substantial part of Pakistan's economy, contributing nearly 23% to the GDP and employing over 37% of the labor force. Recently, Pakistan's fresh fruit exports, particularly to China, have shown a promising trend. This development has the potential to enhance foreign exchange earnings, create rural employment, and address the trade imbalance with China.
China, known as a manufacturing hub, is also a major food importer. With over 1.4 billion people and a growing middle class, China's demand for high-quality, traceable, and safe food, especially fruit, is increasing. Urban consumers in China are willing to pay premium prices for produce that meets international standards. Pakistan's fruit sector is positioned to explore this export opportunity.
Pakistan is establishing its presence in China's fruit market. In 2023, over 6,000 metric tons of Pakistani mangoes were exported to China, primarily via air cargo to maintain freshness. Kinnow mandarins and oranges from Punjab have found demand in Chinese provinces due to their taste and shelf life. Pakistani cherries from northern regions are gaining traction in niche markets, especially in southern China during seasonal celebrations.
These exports have slightly reduced the trade gap, which was approximately USD 13 billion in China's favor in 2023. However, Pakistan's export potential is not fully realized. Only a small portion of fruit production is export-oriented, hindered by post-harvest losses, inadequate cold chain infrastructure, lack of certifications, and weak branding. Many exports remain in raw form, limiting profitability and shelf life.
To leverage China's market, Pakistan must invest in value addition and improved packaging. Developing processing capabilities for products like dried mango slices, citrus juices, and frozen cherries can enhance earnings and market access. Meeting Chinese import standards requires focus on quality assurance and certifications such as GlobalG.A.P. and HACCP. Strengthening cold chain logistics will help preserve fruit quality during transit. Participation in Chinese trade fairs and digital marketing can build brand recognition for Pakistani fruit.
At the policy level, simplifying export procedures and incentivizing compliance with global standards are vital. Initiatives under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) should be accelerated to support this sector. With strategic planning, fruit exports could add USD 1–2 billion annually to Pakistan's economy within a few years.
The potential for Pakistani fruit in China exists but requires consistency, quality, and innovation. Mangoes, oranges, and cherries have a presence in the Chinese market, but sustained efforts in branding, investment, and strategic partnerships are needed. For Pakistan, this is about building a resilient, export-driven agricultural sector for long-term economic growth.
Source: Minute Mirror